Iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zesihluzi kunye neNgcaciso eziphambili
Ngokomgaqo, izihluzi zamehlo zinokwahlulwa zibe ziindidi ezininzi, kwaye ezi ntlobo zohluzo zamehlo ziyaziswa ngezantsi.
1. Isihluzo sokufunxa: Isihluzo sokufunxa senziwe ngokuxuba idayi ezikhethekileyo kwintlaka okanye izinto zeglasi.Ngokokukwazi ukufunxa ukukhanya kwamaza ahlukeneyo, kunokudlala indima yokucoca.Izihluzi zeglasi ezinemibala zezona zisetyenziswa kakhulu kwiimarike.Izibonelelo zayo zizinzile, zifanayo, umgangatho olungileyo we-beam, kunye neendleko eziphantsi zokuvelisa, kodwa inobungozi be-passband enkulu, enqabileyo engaphantsi kwe-30nm.
2. Isihluzo sokuphazamiseka: Isihluzo sokuphazamiseka sisebenzisa indlela yokugquma i-vacuum, kwaye umaleko wefilimu ye-optical enobunzima obuthile ugqunywe phezu kweglasi.Ngokuqhelekileyo iqhekeza leglasi lenziwe ngeefilimu ezinamaleko amaninzi, kwaye umgaqo wokuphazamiseka usetyenziselwa ukuphumeza Ivumela amaza okukhanya kuluhlu oluthile lwe-spectral ukuba ludlule.Kukho iintlobo ezininzi zezihluzi zokuphazamiseka, kwaye iindawo zabo zesicelo nazo zahlukile.Phakathi kwazo, ezona zihluzo zokuphazamiseka zisetyenziswa kakhulu zizihluzo ze-bandpass, izihluzi ezisikiweyo, kunye nezihluzi ze-dichroic.
(1) Izihluzi ze-Bandpass zinokuhambisa kuphela ukukhanya kobude obuthile okanye ibhendi emxinwa, kwaye ukukhanya ngaphandle kwe-passband akukwazi ukudlula.Izibonakaliso eziphambili ze-optical filters zezi: i-wavelength ephakathi (CWL), i-half bandwidth (FWHM), kunye nokudluliselwa (T%).Ngokuhambelana nobukhulu be-bandwidth, inokwahlulwa ibe yi-band-band filters kunye ne-bandwidth engaphantsi kwe-30nm;izihluzi zebroadband ezinobubanzi obungaphezulu kwe-60nm.
(2) Isihluzo sokusika (Isihluzo sokusika) sinokwahlula i-spectrum ibe yimimandla emibini.Ukukhanya kummandla omnye akukwazi ukudlula kulo mmandla, obizwa ngokuba yi-cut-off region, ngelixa ukukhanya kwenye indawo kunokudlula ngokupheleleyo kuyo, okubizwa ngokuba yi-pass-band region.Izihluzo eziqhelekileyo ezisikiweyo zizihluzo ezidlula ixesha elide kunye nezihluzo zendlela emfutshane.Isihluzi sokudlula amaza amade: sibhekisa kuluhlu oluthile lobude, umkhombandlela wamaza amade uyahanjiswa, kwaye umkhombandlela wamaza amafutshane uyanqunyulwa, odlala indima yokwahlula amaza amafutshane.Isihluzi sokudlula amaza amaza amafutshane: Isihluzi sokudlula amaza amafutshane sibhekisa kuluhlu oluthile lobude, isalathiso sobude obufutshane siyahanjiswa, kwaye umkhombandlela wamaza omde uyanqunyulwa, odlala indima yokwahlula amaza amade.
(3) Isihluzo se-Dichroic (i-Dichroic filter) inokukhetha uluhlu oluncinci lwemibala efuna ukugqithisa ukukhanya ngokweemfuno, kwaye ibonise eminye imibala.Kukho ezinye iindidi zezihluzi: Izihluzi zeNgxinano eNgephakathi (Izihluzi zeNgxinano eNgaphakathi), ezaziwa ngokuba ziifilimu zokuthomalalisa, zisetyenziselwa ukuthintela imithombo yokukhanya eyomeleleyo ekubeni yonakalise isivamvo sekhamera okanye izakhi zamehlo, kwaye zinokufunxa okanye zibonise ukukhanya okungekafunxwa. .Inxalenye yokukhanya okugqithisiweyo enciphisa ngokufanayo ukuhanjiswa kwindawo ethile ye-spectrum.
Umsebenzi ophambili weFluorescence Filters kukwahlula kwaye ukhethe imbonakalo yebhendi yeempawu zokukhanya okuvuselelweyo kunye ne-fluorescence ekhutshwayo yezinto kwi-biomedical fluorescence inspection and analysis system.Licandelo eliphambili elisetyenziswa kwizixhobo zenzululwazi yebhayomedical kunye nenzululwazi yobomi.
Iifilitha ze-Astronomy luhlobo lwesihluzo esisetyenziselwa ukunciphisa impembelelo yongcoliseko lokukhanya kumgangatho weefoto ngexesha lenkqubo yokuthatha iifoto zeenkwenkwezi.
Izihluzi zoxinaniso ezingathathi hlangothi zohlulwe ngokubanzi zibe zifunxa kwaye zibonakalise.Isihluzi esibonakalisa uxinezeleko olungathathi hlangothi samkela umgaqo wokuphazamiseka kwefilimu ecekethekileyo ukuhambisa inxalenye yokukhanya kwaye ibonise enye indawo yokukhanya (ngokuqhelekileyo ayisasebenzisi oku kukhanya kubonakalisiweyo), oku kukhanya kubonakalisiweyo kulula ukwenza ukukhanya okulahlekileyo kunye nokunciphisa ukuchaneka kovavanyo. , ngoko Nceda usebenzise uthotho lwe ABC umqokeleli wokukhanya ukuqokelela ukukhanya okubonakalisiweyo.Izihluzi zoxinaniso ezingathathi hlangothi zibhekisa kwimathiriyeli ngokwayo okanye emva kokuba ezinye izinto zixutywe kwimathiriyeli, ezifunxa amaza obude obuthile bokukhanya, kodwa azinampembelelo okanye zincinci kobunye ubude bamaza okukhanya.Ngokuqhelekileyo, umda womonakalo wokufunxa izihluzi zokuxinana ngokungathathi hlangothi uphantsi, kwaye emva kokusetyenziswa kwexesha elide, kunokubakho ukuveliswa kobushushu, ngoko kufuneka kuthathelwe ingqalelo xa usebenzisa.
IiNgcaciso eziPhambili kwizihluzi ze-Optical
I-Passband: Uluhlu lwamaza okukhanya okunokudlula kuwo lubizwa ngokuba yi-passband.
I-Bandwidth (FWHM): Uluhlu lwe-wavelength luluhlu lwe-wavelength olusetyenziselwa ukumela inxalenye ethile ye-spectrum edlula kwisihluzo ngokusebenzisa amandla esiganeko, ebonakaliswa ngobubanzi kwisiqingatha sogqithiso olukhulu, okwakwaziwa njengesiqingatha sobubanzi, nge-nm.Umzekelo: i-peak transmittance ye-filter yi-80%, emva koko i-1/2 yi-40%, kunye ne-wavelengths ekhohlo nasekunene ehambelana ne-40% yi-700nm kunye ne-750nm, kunye ne-half bandwidth yi-50nm.Ezo zinesiqingatha sobubanzi obungaphantsi kwe-20nm zibizwa ngokuba zizihluzi zebhendi emxinwa, kwaye ezo zinesiqingatha sobubanzi obungaphezulu kwe-20nm zibizwa ngokuba ziifilitha ze-band-pass okanye i-wide-band pass filters.
Umbindi we wavelength (CWL): Ibhekisa kwincochoyi yogqithiso lwamaza encopho yogqithiso lwebhande okanye isihluzo esimxinwa, okanye incopho yomboniso wamaza wesihluzo se-bandstop, indawo ephakathi phakathi kwe-1/2 yobude bencopho yogqithiso, oko kukuthi, umda wamaza ophakathi ibizwa ngokuba yi-wavelength esembindini.
Ukudluliselwa (T): Kubhekiselele kwisakhono sokudlula kwibhendi ekujoliswe kuyo, echazwe ngokwepesenti, umzekelo: i-filter peak transmittance (Tp) > 80%, ibhekiselele ekukhanyeni okunokuthi kudlule kwisihluzo emva kokunciphisa.Xa ixabiso eliphezulu lingaphezulu kwe-80%, i-transmittance enkulu, ingcono ikhono lokuhambisa ukukhanya.Uluhlu olusikiweyo: Isetyenziselwa ukumela isithuba sobude bendawo yembonakalo yamandla elahlekileyo sisihluzo, oko kukuthi, uluhlu lwamaza ngaphandle kwebhendi yokugqitha.Isantya sokusika (Isithintelo): Ugqithiso oluhambelana nobude bobude kuluhlu olusikiweyo, olukwabizwa ngokuba Ubunzulu bokusika busetyenziselwa ukuchaza iqondo lokunqunyulwa kwesihluzi.Akunakwenzeka ukuba ukuhanjiswa kokukhanya kufikelele ku-0. Kuphela ngokwenza ukuhanjiswa kwesihluzi kufutshane ne-zero apho i-spectrum engafunwayo inokunqunyulwa ngcono.Umlinganiselo wokunqunyulwa unokulinganiswa ngokugqithiswa, kwaye unokubonakaliswa ngoxinzelelo lwe-optical (OD).Ubudlelwane boguqulo phakathi kwayo kunye nogqithiso (T) bulolu hlobo lulandelayo: OD=log10(1/T) Ububanzi bebhendi yotshintsho: ngokwesihluzo Ubunzulu obusikiweyo bahlukile, kunye nobubanzi obubonakalayo obukhulu obuvunyelweyo phakathi kwesihluzo esixeliweyo esisiki- kude kubunzulu kunye ne-1/2 indawo yencopho yokuhambisa.Umda womnqantsa: ie [(λT80-λT10)/λT10] *
I-High Reflectance (HR): Uninzi lokukhanya oludlula kwisihluzi lubonakalisiwe.
Ukuhanjiswa okuphezulu (HT): Ukuhanjiswa kuphezulu, kwaye ukulahleka kwamandla okukhanya okudlula kwisihluzi kuncinci kakhulu.I-engile yokwenzeka: I-engile phakathi kokukhanya kwesiganeko kunye nesiqhelo somphezulu wokucoca ubizwa ngokuba yi-engile yesenzeko.Xa ukukhanya kusenzeka ngokuthe nkqo, i-angle ye-encidence ngu-0 °.
Ukuvula okusebenzayo: Indawo ebonakalayo enokusetyenziswa ngempumelelo kwizixhobo ezibonayo ibizwa ngokuba kukuvula okusebenzayo, okukholisa ukufana nobukhulu benkangeleko yesihluzo, ukugxila, kunye nobukhulu obuncinci kancinci.Isiqalo sobude bobude: Ubude bokuqala bobude bubhekisa kubude bobude obuhambelanayo xa ukuhanjiswa kunyuka ukuya kuthi ga kwi-1/2 yencopho yesihluzo sokudlula samaza amaza, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha inokuchazwa njenge-5% okanye i-10% yencopho yebhendi- isihluzo sokudlula Ubude beza obuhambelana nogqithiso.
I-wavelength enqunyiweyo: I-wavelength enqunyiweyo ibhekiselele kwi-wavelength ehambelanayo xa ukuhanjiswa kwi-short-wave pass filter kuncitshiswa ukuya kwi-1/2 yexabiso eliphezulu.Kwi-band-pass filter, ngamanye amaxesha inokuchazwa njengencopho yokuhanjiswa kwe-5% okanye i-10%.Ubude bobude obuhambelana nereyithi yokupasa.
IiNgcaciso zoMphezulu kunye neeParamitha eziDimensional zoMgangatho woMphezulu wezihluzi
Umgangatho womphezulu wesihluzo ikakhulu uneziphene ezifana nemikrwelo kunye nemingxuma kumphezulu.Ezona nkcukacha zisetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo kumgangatho womphezulu yimikrwelo kunye nemingxuma echazwe yi-MIL-PRF-13830B.Igama lemingxuma Kubalwa ngokwahlula i-diameter yomgodi kwi-microns nge-10, ngokuqhelekileyo inkcazo ye-scratch pit iya kubizwa ngokuba ngumgangatho oqhelekileyo kuluhlu lwe-80 ukuya kwi-50;umgangatho kuluhlu lwama-60 ukuya kuma-40;kunye noluhlu lwe-20 ukuya kwi-10 luya kuthathwa njengomgangatho ophezulu wokuchaneka.
Umgangatho womphezulu: Umgangatho womphezulu ngumlinganiselo wokuchaneka komphezulu.Isetyenziselwa ukulinganisa ukutenxa kweenqwelomoya ezifana nezibuko, iifestile, iiprism okanye izibuko ezicaba.Ukutenxa kokugudileyo ngokuqhelekileyo kulinganiswa ngexabiso le-corrugation (λ), eliyi-Iqulunqwe yimithombo yovavanyo ene-wavelengths ezininzi, umgca omnye uhambelana ne-1/2 ubude, kwaye ukugudisa ngu-1λ, emele umgangatho womgangatho jikelele;ukuguda ngu λ/4, emele umgangatho womgangatho;ukuguda yi λ/20, imele umgangatho ophezulu wokuchaneka.
Ukunyamezela: Ukunyamezela kwesihluzi ikakhulu kumbindi we-wavelength kunye ne-half-bandwidth, ngoko ke uluhlu lokunyamezela kwemveliso yokucoca lubonisiwe.
Ukunyamezela kwe-diameter: Ngokuqhelekileyo, impembelelo yokunyamezela kwe-diameter ye-filter ayinkulu ngexesha lokusetyenziswa, kodwa ukuba idivaysi ye-optical kufuneka ifakwe kumphathi, ukunyamezela kobubanzi kufuneka kuthathelwe ingqalelo.Ngokuqhelekileyo, ukunyamezela kwedayamitha kwi-(±0.1 mm) kubizwa ngokuba ngumgangatho jikelele, (±0.05 mm) kubizwa ngokuba ngumgangatho ochanekileyo, kwaye (±0.01 mm) kuthiwa ngumgangatho ophezulu.
Unyamezelo loButyenene obusembindini: Ubungqingqwa obusembindini bubukhulu bendawo esembindini yesihluzo.Ngokuqhelekileyo, ukunyamezela kobukhulu beziko (± 0.2mm) kubizwa ngokuba ngumgangatho jikelele, (± 0.05mm) kuthiwa ngumgangatho ochanekileyo, kwaye (± 0.01mm) kuthiwa ngumgangatho ophezulu.
Ixesha lokuposa: Mar-10-2023